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Variable operation causes severe degradation of Ni, Fe, and Co catalysts in liquid alkaline water electrolysis. This work reveals insights into catalyst transformations induced by reverse currents and offers guidelines to improve stability testing. 

Trace metal cations dissolved in alkaline electrolytes incorporate into nickel hydroxide/oxyhydroxide throughin situcation exchange, creating an interstratified structure near the surface of the material that impacts the electrochemical performance. 

Although colloidal nanoparticles hold promise for fabricating electronic components, the properties of nanoparticle-derived materials can be unpredictable. Materials made from metallic nanocrystals exhibit a variety of transport behavior ranging from insulators, with internanocrystal contacts acting as electron transport bottlenecks, to conventional metals, where phonon scattering limits electron mobility. The insulator–metal transition (IMT) in nanocrystal films is thought to be determined by contact conductance. Meanwhile, criteria are lacking to predict the characteristic transport behavior of metallic nanocrystal films beyond this threshold. Using a library of transparent conducting tin-doped indium oxide nanocrystal films with varied electron concentration, size, and contact area, we assess the IMT as it depends on contact conductance and show how contact conductance is also key to predicting the temperature-dependence of conductivity in metallic films. The results establish a phase diagram for electron transport behavior that can guide the creation of metallic conducting materials from nanocrystal building blocks.